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Max is an American subscription video-on-demand streaming service from Warner Bros. Discovery. It launched on 27 May 2020 in the United States as HBO Max.[1] The service carries programming from the HBO premium TV service and additional original programming and library content from all corners of Warner Bros. Discovery and third-party content providers.
On 31 December 2022, 256 classic Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies cartoons (particularly those released after 1950) were removed from the streaming service without notice.[2] On 3 January 2023, it was revealed that the reason for the removal was a result of the license for the cartoons expiring, which the platform chose not to renew.[3]
Following the merger of WarnerMedia with Discovery, Inc. to form Warner Bros. Discovery in April 2022, the service was combined with Discovery+ and rebranded as Max on 23 May 2023.[4]
On 1 March 2024, 137 classic Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies shorts were removed from the service, and another 136 were added.[5][6]
Looney Programming[]
Max Originals[]
Television[]
- Looney Tunes (not all titles available)
- The Sylvester & Tweety Mysteries
- The Looney Tunes Show
- New Looney Tunes (not all titles available)
- Bugs Bunny Builders
- Tiny Toons Looniversity
- Baby Looney Tunes (available September 14)[7]
Movies[]
Available only in Latin America and the Caribbean[]
- Tiny Toon Adventures
- Animaniacs (1993)
- Pinky and the Brain
- Baby Looney Tunes
- Duck Dodgers
- Loonatics Unleashed
- New Looney Tunes (all titles available)
- Animaniacs (2020) (Max Original)
- Looney Looney Looney Bugs Bunny Movie
- Bugs Bunny's 3rd Movie: 1001 Rabbit Tales
- Daffy Duck's Movie: Fantastic Island
- Daffy Duck's Quackbusters
- Tweety's High-Flying Adventure
- Baby Looney Tunes: Backyard Adventures
- Bah, Humduck! A Looney Tunes Christmas
- Looney Tunes: Rabbits Run
Restoration process[]
When the streaming service had its launch announced, the streaming service of the theatrical cartoons originally consisted of select cartoons that were previously restored on home media. However, due to high ratings from audiences with the Looney Tunes brand on the service, Warner Bros. was conceived to expand the original theatrical library, with the main motive of featuring cartoons without an official home media release.[9] Due to the COVID-19 pandemic closing Warner's in-house Motion Picture Imaging facility that normally restored the cartoons for previous home media collections such as Looney Tunes Golden Collection, Looney Tunes Super Stars, and Looney Tunes Platinum Collection, high-quality prints were outsourced to unknown foreign post-production companies to reduce costs and to complete the restorations on time constraints. Majority of the cartoons were sent over and restored, including shorts that were rarely aired on television at the time such as the black-and-white shorts and the Warner Bros.-Seven Arts produced cartoons, with notable exceptions being the shorts seldom aired due to containing harmful outdated stereotypes/imagery and those featuring Bosko or Buddy. This created a large backlog of cartoons ready to be made available on home media, while also being presentable in HD. Adobe software was used to complete the restorations, particularly After Effects, Photoshop, and Premiere.
Some cartoons were re-restored, primarily due to being originally released as a 1998 dubbed version print, which is only available as SD and/or feature DVNR, so they were redone to remove DVNR artifacts and be presentable in HD format. Nearly all prints of cartoons from the Associated Artists Productions package had their audio sourced from their 1995 Turner dubbed prints, while cartoons in the Sunset Productions package were sourced from matter that Warner Archive Collection was able to get access to (in the same manner as the prints on Porky Pig 101), thus any audio errors contained with these prints were carried over.
During the same time period, Warner Bros. settled a deal with MeTV to air the theatrical cartoons, and the same prints were sent over when the channel accepted the deal. When WarnerMedia merged Discovery in 2022, these same prints would also be used for the Discovery Family channel. Despite the new restorations, they have yet to be aired on Turner Entertainment-based channels, such as Cartoon Network, Boomerang (with rare exceptions such as "Holiday Highlights" and "The Phantom Ship"), and WB-owned YouTube channels, such as WB Kids and WB Classics.
List of restored cartoons[]
The following cartoons were restored and made available on the streaming service.
- "Goopy Geer" (1932)
- "Moonlight for Two" (1932)
- "The Queen Was in the Parlor" (1932)
- "I Wish I Had Wings" (1932)
- "A Great Big Bunch of You" (1932)
- "Young and Healthy" (1933)
- "The Organ Grinder" (1933)
- "I Like Mountain Music" (1933)
- "Pettin' in the Park" (1934)
- "Beauty and the Beast" (1934)
- "The Girl at the Ironing Board" (1934) (with MPPDA approval seal, original ending card restored)
- "Mr. and Mrs. Is the Name" (1935)
- "Country Boy" (1935)
- "My Green Fedora" (1935)
- "Into Your Dance" (1935)
- "The Merry Old Soul" (1935)
- "The Lady in Red" (1935) (original titles restored)
- "Little Dutch Plate" (1935)
- "Billboard Frolics" (1935)
- "Flowers for Madame" (1935)
- "The Phantom Ship" (1936)
- "The Cat Came Back" (1936)
- "The Fire Alarm" (1936)
- "The Blow Out" (1936)
- "Plane Dippy" (1936)
- "Let It Be Me" (1936)
- "I'd Love to Take Orders from You" (1936)
- "Fish Tales" (1936)
- "Bingo Crosbyana" (1936)
- "When I Yoo Hoo" (1936) (original titles restored, but with Blue Ribbon reissue ending card)
- "Porky the Rain-Maker" (1936)
- "Boulevardier from the Bronx" (1936)
- "The Village Smithy" (1936)
- "Porky's Building" (1937)
- "Ain't We Got Fun" (1937)
- "Porky and Gabby" (1937)
- "Streamlined Greta Green" (1937)
- "Porky's Super Service" (1937)
- "Egghead Rides Again" (1937)
- "Porky's Badtime Story" (1937)
- "Plenty of Money and You" (1937)
- "A Sunbonnet Blue" (1937)
- "Dog Daze" (1937)
- "Rover's Rival" (1937)
- "The Lyin' Mouse" (1937)
- "The Sneezing Weasel" (1938)
- "Porky's Five & Ten" (1938)
- "The Penguin Parade" (1938)
- "Porky's Spring Planting" (1938)
- "Cinderella Meets Fella" (1938)
- "Porky's Naughty Nephew" (1938)
- "Count Me Out" (1938)
- "Porky the Gob" (1938)
- "The Mice Will Play" (1938)
- "Porky & Daffy" (1938)
- "Porky's Tire Trouble" (1939)
- "Naughty Neighbors" (1939)
- "Porky the Giant Killer" (1939)
- "Dog Gone Modern" (1939)
- "It's an Ill Wind" (1939)
- "Hamateur Night" (1939)
- "Robin Hood Makes Good" (1939)
- "Chicken Jitters" (1939)
- "Dangerous Dan McFoo" (1939)
- "Snowman's Land" (1939)
- "Fresh Fish" (1939) (original titles restored)
- "Pied Piper Porky" (1939)
- "The Curious Puppy" (1939)
- "Busy Bakers" (1940)
- "Little Blabbermouse" (1940)
- "Ceiling Hero" (1940)
- "Stage Fright" (1940)
- "Good Night Elmer" (1940)
- "Wacky Wild Life" (1940)
- "Elmer's Pet Rabbit" (1941)
- "Porky's Snooze Reel" (1941)
- "The Haunted Mouse" (1941)
- "The Crackpot Quail" (1941)
- "The Cat's Tale" (1941)
- "Porky's Bear Facts" (1941)
- "Snowtime for Comedy" (1941)
- "The Bug Parade" (1941)
- "Saddle Silly" (1941)
- "The Cagey Canary" (1941)
- "Hop, Skip and a Chump" (1942)
- "Porky's Pastry Pirates" (1942)
- "The Bird Came C.O.D." (1942)
- "Porky's Cafe" (1942)
- "Dog Tired" (1942)
- "Hold the Lion, Please" (1942)
- "Hobby Horse-Laffs" (1942)
- "Gopher Goofy" (1942)
- "Double Chaser" (1942)
- "The Squawkin' Hawk" (1942)
- "The Impatient Patient" (1942)
- "Fox Pop" (1942)
- "Ding Dog Daddy" (1942)
- "Greetings Bait" (1943)
- "Jack-Wabbit and the Beanstalk" (1943)
- "Fin 'n' Catty" (1943)
- "What's Cookin' Doc?" (1944)
- "Meatless Flyday" (1944)
- "Bugs Bunny and the Three Bears" (1944)
- "From Hand to Mouse" (1944)
- "The Unruly Hare" (1945)
- "Behind the Meat-Ball" (1945)
- "Of Thee I Sting" (1946)
- "Fair and Worm-er" (1946)
- "The Mouse-Merized Cat" (1946)
- "The Goofy Gophers" (1947)
- "The Gay Anties" (1947)
- "Along Came Daffy" (1947)
- "Little Orphan Airedale" (1947)
- "Two Gophers from Texas" (1948)
- "What's Brewin', Bruin?" (1948)
- "Bone Sweet Bone" (1948)
- "The Rattled Rooster" (1948) (original titles restored)
- "The Shell Shocked Egg" (1948)
- "Hot Cross Bunny" (1948) (original titles restored)
- "Hare Splitter" (1948) (original titles restored)
- "My Bunny Lies over the Sea" (1948)
- "Daffy Duck Hunt" (1949)
- "Bad Ol' Putty Tat" (1949)
- "Knights Must Fall" (1949) (original titles restored)
- "The Leghorn Blows at Midnight" (1950)
- "A Fractured Leghorn" (1950)
- "Two's a Crowd" (1950) (original titles restored)
- "Big House Bunny" (1950)
- "What's Up Doc?" (1950)
- "All a Bir-r-r-d" (1950)
- "The Ducksters" (1950)
- "Bunker Hill Bunny" (1950)
- "Putty Tat Trouble" (1951)
- "Early to Bet" (1951)
- "Room and Bird" (1951)
- "The Wearing of the Grin" (1951)
- "Tweety's S.O.S." (1951)
- "Big Top Bunny" (1951)
- "Tweet Tweet Tweety" (1951)
- "A Fox in a Fix" (1951)
- "Rabbit Every Monday" (1951)
- "A Bone for a Bone" (1951)
- "The Fair Haired Hare" (1951)
- "A Hound for Trouble" (1951)
- "Leghorn Swoggled" (1951) (original titles restored)
- "His Hare Raising Tale" (1951)
- "Sleepy Time Possum" (1951) (original titles restored)
- "Sock a Doodle Do" (1952)
- "Cracked Quack" (1952)
- "Mouse-Warming" (1952)
- "Terrier-Stricken" (1952)
- "Hare Lift" (1952)
- "Water, Water Every Hare" (1952)
- "Ain't She Tweet" (1952)
- "A Bird in a Guilty Cage" (1952)
- "Rabbit's Kin" (1952)
- "Don't Give Up the Sheep" (1953)
- "Snow Business" (1953)
- "Ant Pasted" (1953)
- "Upswept Hare" (1953) (original titles restored)
- "Fowl Weather" (1953)
- "Muscle Tussle" (1953)
- "Plop Goes the Weasel!" (1953)
- "Easy Peckin's" (1953)
- "Robot Rabbit" (1953)
- "Captain Hareblower" (1954)
- "I Gopher You" (1954)
- "Design for Leaving" (1954) (4:3 ratio format; fullscreen correction)
- "No Parking Hare" (1954)
- "Dr. Jerkyl's Hide" (1954)
- "Quack Shot" (1954)
- "Sheep Ahoy" (1954)
- "Pests for Guests" (1955)
- "Stork Naked" (1955) (4:3 ratio format; fullscreen correction)
- "Hare Brush" (1955)
- "Rabbit Rampage" (1955)
- "Lumber Jerks" (1955)
- "Tweety's Circus" (1955)
- "Double or Mutton" (1955)
- "A Kiddies Kitty" (1955)
- "Dime to Retire" (1955) (4:3 ratio format; fullscreen correction)
- "Tweet and Sour" (1956)
- "Rabbitson Crusoe" (1956)
- "Tree Cornered Tweety" (1956)
- "Tugboat Granny" (1956)
- "Half-Fare Hare" (1956)
- "Tweet Zoo" (1957)
- "Bugsy and Mugsy" (1957)
- "Greedy for Tweety" (1957)
- "Don't Axe Me" (1958)
- "A Pizza Tweety-Pie" (1958)
- "Hare-Less Wolf" (1958)
- "Now, Hare This" (1958)
- "A Waggily Tale" (1958)
- "To Itch His Own" (1958)
- "A Bird in a Bonnet" (1958)
- "Pre-Hysterical Hare" (1958)
- "Hip Hip- Hurry!" (1958)
- "Baton Bunny" (1959)
- "Trick or Tweet" (1959)
- "Hot-Rod and Reel!" (1959)
- "Tweet and Lovely" (1959)
- "Wild About Hurry" (1959)
- "Tweet Dreams" (1959)
- "Fastest with the Mostest" (1960)
- "Wild Wild World" (1960)
- "Hyde and Go Tweet" (1960)
- "Ready, Woolen and Able" (1960)
- "Mice Follies" (1960)
- "Hopalong Casualty" (1960)
- "Rabbit's Feat" (1960)
- "Lighter Than Hare" (1960) (4:3 ratio format; fullscreen correction)
- "Zip 'n Snort" (1961)
- "D' Fightin' Ones" (1961)
- "Lickety-Splat" (1961)
- "Daffy's Inn Trouble" (1961) (4:3 ratio format; fullscreen correction)
- "Compressed Hare" (1961)
- "Prince Violent" (1961)
- "Wet Hare" (1962)
- "A Sheep in the Deep" (1962)
- "Quackodile Tears" (1962)
- "Zoom at the Top" (1962)
- "The Slick Chick" (1962)
- "The Jet Cage" (1962)
- "Mother Was a Rooster" (1962)
- "Shishkabugs" (1962)
- "Devil's Feud Cake" (1963)
- "Woolen Under Where" (1963)
- "Hare-Breadth Hurry" (1963)
- "The Iceman Ducketh" (1964) (4:3 ratio format; fullscreen correction)
- "Hawaiian Aye Aye" (1964)
- "Zip Zip Hooray!" (1965)
- "Suppressed Duck" (1965) (4:3 ratio format; fullscreen correction)
- "Rushing Roulette" (1965)
- "Tease for Two" (1965)
- "Tired and Feathered" (1965)
- "Just Plane Beep" (1965)
- "Cool Cat" (1967)
- "Merlin the Magic Mouse" (1967)
- "Big Game Haunt" (1968)
- "Hippydrome Tiger" (1968)
- "Feud with a Dude" (1968)
- "3 Ring Wing-Ding" (1968)
- "Chimp & Zee" (1968)
- "Fistic Mystic" (1969)
- "Rabbit Stew and Rabbits Too!" (1969)
- "Shamrock and Roll" (1969) (with the original MPAA "Rated G" screen)
- "Bugged by a Bee" (1969)
- "Freeze Frame" (1979)
- "Fright Before Christmas" (1979)
- "The Yolks on You" (1980)
- "Daffy Flies North" (1980)
- "Portrait of the Artist as a Young Bunny" (1980)
- "Spaced Out Bunny" (1980)
- "Soup or Sonic" (1980)
- "Duck Dodgers and the Return of the 24½th Century" (1980)
- "The Duxorcist" (1987)
- "Box Office Bunny" (1991)
- "Invasion of the Bunny Snatchers" (1992)
- "Chariots of Fur" (1994)
- "Superior Duck" (1996)
- "(Blooper) Bunny" (1997)
- "From Hare to Eternity" (1997)
- "Whizzard of Ow" (2003)
- "Museum Scream" (2003)
- "Hare and Loathing in Las Vegas" (2004)
- "Attack of the Drones" (2004)
- "Cock-a-Doodle Duel" (2004)
- "My Generation G...G... Gap" (2004)
Available only in Latin America[]
- "Kit for Cat" (1948) (original titles restored)
- "Henhouse Henery" (1949)
- "His Bitter Half" (1950)
- "Golden Yeggs" (1950)
- "Stooge for a Mouse" (1950)
- "Ballot Box Bunny" (1951)
- "The EGGcited Rooster" (1952)
- "A Mouse Divided" (1953)
- "There Auto Be a Law" (1953)
- "A Street Cat Named Sylvester" (1953)
- "Catty Cornered" (1953)
- "Of Rice and Hen" (1953)
- "Punch Trunk" (1953)
- "Mixed Master" (1956)
- "Boston Quackie" (1957)
Controversy[]
While the cartoons themselves tended to be restored in a usually clean condition, these newly restored prints has gained controversy for its tampering of opening/ending title sequences. Majority of the titles were restored with added graphics that expand past TV safe areas, which were often blacked out or zoomed in on previous restorations. Although this was originally an intent to resolve overscan, animation buffs criticized the amateurish work done on the editing, resulting in shoddy and even blatant editing errors that in some cases are obvious to the casual viewer.[9]
Additional errors were also present in a few title sequences outside of adding additional graphics. As elements of title sequences were often animated separately instead of in-print with the original negative, certain elements of the opening sequences were sometimes subject to modifications from the original negative. An example includes the original print of "Rabbit's Kin", which kept the "Warner Bros. Pictures" byline when the Merrie Melodies logo faded in. Although some prints were later re-released to resolve these errors, they had gained ire for featuring errors that were not present on original versions and also easily observable by the casual viewer. Some shorts feature reversed animation during transitions or fake cutaways to the next scene, with examples being the "Bugs Bunny In" title card featured in cartoons released past "Wideo Wabbit". Finally, animation buffs have criticized a few of the prints for containing a large amount of grain removal, resulting in digital destruction in a similar manner to DVNR.[10]
Due to the mixed reception of these restorations, the rest of the cartoons that were not restored were completed in-house at Warner Bros' Motion Picture Imaging or at Warner Archive, particularly for Looney Tunes Collector's Choice. Likewise, when these cartoons sourced from these restorations were released to home media, most errors have been attempted to be cleaned up and title cards were zoomed in to limit showing artificially added graphics.
References[]
- ↑ https://variety.com/2020/digital/news/hbo-max-launch-date-price-streaming-1234585776/
- ↑ https://popculture.com/streaming/news/hbo-max-removes-hundreds-of-looney-tunes-cartoons/
- ↑ https://www.vulture.com/2023/01/hbo-max-removes-looney-tunes-episodes.html
- ↑ https://variety.com/2023/tv/news/max-streaming-service-hbo-warner-discovery-1235579785/
- ↑ https://press.wbd.com/us/media-release/max/whats-new-max-march
- ↑ https://twitter.com/AnimationOnMax/status/1763591078291050926
- ↑ https://press.wbd.com/us/media-release/max/whats-new-max-september-0
- ↑ https://press.wbd.com/us/media-release/max/whats-new-max-october
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 http://www.dohtem.com/bugs/history/history5.htm
- ↑ http://jldelbert.blogspot.com/2021/04/restoring-looney-tunes.html